Indian
Year Book
(2022-23)
Chapter – 4. Defence
Ø THE Government of India is responsible for ensuring the defence of the country and every part thereof. This responsibility is discharged through the Ministry of Defence (MoD).
Ø MoD was created after independence under a Cabinet Minister. Each Service was placed under its own Commander-in-Chief.
Ø In 1955, the Commanders-in-Chief were renamed as the Chief of the Army Staff, the Chief of the Naval Staff and the Chief of the Air Staff.
Ø A Department of Defence Production was set up in 1962 to deal with research, development and production of defence equipment.
Ø A Department of Defence Supplies was created in 1965 for planning and execution of schemes for import substitution of defence requirements.
Ø The Raksha Mantri (Defence Minister) is the head of the Ministry of Defence.
Ø The post of Chief of Defence Staff was created in 2019.
Chief of Defence Staff
Ø The post of the Chief of Defence Staff (CDS) in the rank of a four star General with salary and perquisites at par with a Service Chief was created in 2019.
Ø The government has also defi ned his roles and responsibilities.
Ø Another department - the Department of Military Affairs (DMA) was
also created within the Ministry of Defence.
Operation Sadbhavna
Ø The army undertakes a unique human initiative in Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh to address the aspirations of people affected by terrorism.
Ø The aim of Operation Sadbhavna is also to supplement the efforts of
the government in restoring public services, rebuilding infrastructure and
creating a conducive environment for development.
Contribution to UN
Peacekeeping
Ø Despite operational and internal security commitments, the Indian Army has been signifi cantly contributing to United Nations Peacekeeping Missions and is the second largest troops’ contributor in various UN missions.
Ø Currently, four UN Peace Keeping Missions’ contingents of India are
deployed around the world.
Ø Since 1950, Indian Army has
participated in 51 UN missions out of the total of 71 UN missions, across the
globe.
Commissioned Ranks
The following are the commissioned ranks in the three Services; each rank is shown opposite its equivalent in the other Service:
Ø A large number of training institutions in the defence sector work in coordination with one another. While some institutions train personnel from all the 3 services viz. Army, Navy and Air Force, some cater to the training needs of the individual services.
National Defence College
Ø The National Defence College is a premier training institution of the Ministry of Defence, which has established a name for itself as a centre of excellence on matters pertaining to National Security and Strategic Studies.
College of Defence
Management
Ø The College of Defence Management (CDM) is the only tri-service training institution in the country which imparts defence management education to senior offi cers of the three services, paramilitary forces, offi cers of the Ministry of Defence and international participants at the conceptual, directional and the functional levels.
National Defence Academy
Ø National Defence Academy (NDA) is a premier tri-service institution which trains cadets of all three services before inducting them into their respective pre-commissioning training academies.
Military Institute of Technology
Ø Military Institute of Technology (MILIT) is a tri-services training establishment since 1952 which conducts courses for Indian and international military offi cers and DRDO scientists.
Sainik Schools
Ø The Sainik Schools were established as a joint venture of the central and state government. These are under the overall governance of Sainik Schools Society.
Ø At present, there are 33 Sainik Schools located in various parts of the country.
Ø After the success of the pilot project for admission of girl cadets in Sainik School Chhingchhip, Mizoram in the academic session 2018-19, the Government has decided to admit girl cadets along with boys in all 33 Sainik Schools in the country from the academic session 2021-22.
Ø 27 per cent reservation for OBCs (non-creamy layer) in admissions to Sainik Schools has also been approved from academic session 2021-22.
Rashtriya Military Schools
Ø There are fi ve Rashtriya Military Schools in the country at Belgaum and Bengaluru in Karnataka, Chail in Himachal Pradesh and Ajmer and Dholpur in Rajasthan.
Ø These schools are CBSE affi liated fully residential public schools which function under the aegis of Ministry of Defence.
Rashtriya Indian Military College
Ø Rashtriya Indian Military College (RIMC) was established in 1922 with the objective of providing necessary preliminary training for boys of Indian birth or domicile, wishing to become offi cers in the Armed Forces of India.
Ø Ministry of Defence has proposed to allow girl students to be admitted to Rashtriya Indian Military College (RIMC) and Rashtriya Military Schools (RMS). This is proposed to be carried out in two phases.
Ø In the fi rst phase, girls will be allowed to take the RIMC entrance examination scheduled in June 2022 for entry into RIMC for the term starting in January 2023.
Ø With respect to induction of girls in RMS, 10 per cent of the total vacancies in each school will be reserved for girl candidates for entry into Class-VI from the academic session of 2022-23.
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